Electroencephalography - EEG

This is a Stub Notice. This page has not been completed. You can work on this page by signing in and going to the Edit tab. Thanks for helping to make PedsAnesthesia.Net Wiki useful.

Go to the Main Page to see the Topic Outline.

Go to the Generalized Suggested Outline for information on case-specific details for each page.

Go to the Test Page for examples on how to use references in the page.

Relevant Article Depot:

PALNET

Bong CL, Yuan I. The Utility of Electroencephalography in Guiding General Anesthesia in Children. Anesth Analg. 2026 Jun 1;142(6):1155-1168.

Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists: Part I: Background and Basic Signatures

Intraoperative pediatric electroencephalography monitoring: an updated review

Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists and Intensivists: Part 2—Physiologic Signatures and Active Management

Electroencephalogram Monitoring in Anesthesia Practice

Implementation of an electroencephalogram-guided propofol anesthesia education program in an academic pediatric anesthesia practice.

An approach to using pharmacokinetics and electroencephalography for propofol anesthesia for surgery in infants.

A Narrative Review Illustrating the Clinical Utility of Electroencephalogram-Guided Anesthesia Care in Children

Age-Dependent Electroencephalogram Features in Infants Under Spinal Anesthesia Appear to Mirror Physiologic Sleep in the Developing Brain: A Prospective Observational Study

Age-dependent electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns during sevoflurane general anesthesia in infants

An approach to using pharmacokinetics and electroencephalography for propofol anesthesia for surgery in infants

Using Electroencephalography (EEG) to Guide Propofol and Sevoflurane Dosing in Pediatric Anesthesia

EEG-Guided Titration of Sevoflurane and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium

Using the Spectrogram to Interpret Electroencephalographic (EEG) Waveforms

American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative Joint Consensus Statement on the Role of Neuromonitoring in Perioperative Outcomes: Electroencephalography

Alternative sensor montage for Index based EEG monitoring. A systematic review

Electroencephalographic indices for clinical endpoints during propofol anesthesia in infants—an early phase propofol biomarker-finding study

Isoelectric Electroencephalography in Infants and Toddlers during Anesthesia for Surgery: An International Observational Study

Changes in the term neonatal electroencephalogram with general anesthesia – a systematic review with narrative synthesis

Yuan I, Garcia-Marcinkiewicz AG, Zhang B, et al. Electroencephalographic Indices for Clinical Endpoints during Propofol Anesthesia in Infants: An Early-phase Propofol Biomarker-finding Study. Anesthesiology 2024;141(2):353-364. (In eng). DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000005043.

Yuan I, Missett RM, Jones-Oguh S, et al. Implementation of an electroencephalogram-guided propofol anesthesia education program in an academic pediatric anesthesia practice. Paediatric anaesthesia 2022 (In eng). DOI: 10.1111/pan.14520.

Yuan I, Xu T, Skowno J, et al. Isoelectric Electroencephalography in Infants and Toddlers during Anesthesia for Surgery: An International Observational Study. Anesthesiology 2022;137(2):187-200. (In eng). DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004262.

Yuan I, Xu T, Kurth CD. Using Electroencephalography (EEG) to Guide Propofol and Sevoflurane Dosing in Pediatric Anesthesia. Anesthesiology clinics 2020;38(3):709-725. (In eng). DOI: 10.1016/j.anclin.2020.06.007.

Chao JY, Legatt AD, Yozawitz EG, Adams DC, Delphin ES, Shinnar S. Electroencephalographic Findings and Clinical Behavior During Induction of Anesthesia With Sevoflurane in Human Infants: A Prospective Observational Study. Anesthesia and analgesia 2020;130(6):e161-e164. (In eng). DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004380.

Purdon PL, Sampson A, Pavone KJ, Brown EN. Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists: Part I: Background and Basic Signatures. Anesthesiology 2015;123(4):937-60. (In eng). DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000000841.

Preoperative Electroencephalography Biomarkers to Identify Children at Risk for Emergence Delirium

Effect of the addition of a low-dose of ketamine to propofol anaesthesia on the phase-amplitude coupling features of an electroencephalogram

Emerging Role of Electroencephalographic Aperiodic Activity in Anesthesia: A Narrative Review

Spectral Differences of Anesthetic Agents: Addressing Fundamental Problems With New Methods

Signal, Not Noise: Aperiodic Dynamics in the Electroencephalogram Under Anesthesia

Beyond the Numbers: Advocating for an Integrative Analysis of Raw and Processed Electroencephalography Metrics

Electroencephalographic Monitoring in the Recovery Room for Identification of Patients at Risk for Postoperative Delirium

Long MHY, Lim EHL, Balanza GA, Allen JC, Jr., Purdon PL, Bong CL. Sevoflurane requirements during electroencephalogram (EEG)-guided vs standard anesthesia Care in Children: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of clinical anesthesia. Oct 2022;81:110913. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2022.110913

Markus M, Panagiotou F, Spies C, Koch S. EEG Dynamics in Children Before, During and After General Anesthesia. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2026;36(6):641–649. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pan.70156

Haidar L, Abadi F, Sarieddine T, Vitali A, Zouein FA, Massoud G. EEG-Guided Anesthesia for the Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA pediatrics. 2026;180(4):394–401. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.6005

Yuan I, Missett RM, Jones-Oguh S, et al. Implementation of an electroencephalogram-guided propofol anesthesia education program in an academic pediatric anesthesia practice. Paediatric anaesthesia. Jul 6 2022;doi:10.1111/pan.14520

Neurometabolic depletion with ketamine during sevoflurane anaesthesia